Daijiworld Media Network – Mumbai

Mumbai, May 21: Despite immense progress in the world of medical science, Cancer remains one of the biggest health threats globally. While early detection improves the chances of treatment, the disease’s unpredictable nature and tendency to recur make it one of the most complex medical puzzles to solve.

But did you know that cancer rates are surprisingly lower in people living at higher altitudes? Yes, multiple studies suggest that the likelihood of developing certain cancers—particularly lung cancer—decreases with elevation. Here’s an in-depth look at the possible reasons behind this trend.

A key research finding revealed that lung cancer incidence drops by 12.7% for every 1,000 meters increase in altitude. Another large-scale study conducted across the United States and China confirmed that higher-altitude populations have lower cancer prevalence and mortality.

This revelation has sparked interest among scientists to understand the biological and environmental factors behind this phenomenon.

One of the most evident advantages of living at higher elevations is reduced air pollution. With fewer vehicles, industries, and dust, the air in mountainous or elevated areas has lower concentrations of particulate matter—a known carcinogen.

This naturally cleaner air lowers exposure to cancer-causing pollutants, especially benefitting the lungs and respiratory system.

High altitudes mean less oxygen in the atmosphere, a condition termed hypoxia. Surprisingly, this can have protective effects:

• Hypoxia can trigger cellular stress responses that suppress tumor formation.

• Studies in animals suggest that cancer cells struggle to grow or spread under low-oxygen conditions.

• Some research even hints that chemotherapy may work more effectively in hypoxic environments.

It may sound alarming, but natural radiation levels are slightly higher at greater altitudes due to a thinner atmosphere. While excessive radiation is harmful, low-level exposure might actually stimulate the body’s repair mechanisms.

This concept, known as radiation hormesis, proposes that controlled exposure may boost cellular defenses, reducing cancer mortality in the long run. However, this remains controversial and is still under study.

Interestingly, not all research aligns with the protective theory. A study in Ecuador found higher rates of several cancers—including breast, stomach, and colorectal—above 2,000 meters.

This indicates that altitude alone cannot be credited as a protective shield. Factors like genetics, diet, local healthcare access, and cultural habits also play crucial roles.

Residents of higher altitudes often:

• Lead more active lifestyles

• Consume traditional, less-processed diets

• Have lower smoking and alcohol consumption rates

Combined with these, better awareness or access to natural remedies and cleaner environments can also contribute to lower cancer risks.

While living at higher altitudes may offer certain advantages, it’s not a guaranteed shield against cancer. Genetics, habits, diet, and environmental exposures remain critical contributors to cancer risk, regardless of where you live.

• Eat a balanced, antioxidant-rich diet

• Avoid smoking and alcohol

• Get regular screenings

• Maintain physical activity

• Stay aware of early warning signs