Parenting for Gen Z: Encountering Challenges & Embracing Opportunities

  •   Thu, Jun 27 2024
  •   By Dr Zeena Flavia D’Souza

June 27, 2024

Parenting has always been a challenging endeavour, but the unique characteristics and circumstances of Generation Z (Gen Z) have added new dimensions to this timeless role. Gen Z, typically defined as those born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, has grown up in a rapidly evolving digital world, faced unprecedented social changes, and lived through significant global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The young parents of Gen Z, are in need of insights, strategies, and real-world advice to effectively support and guide their children in this complex era.

Understanding Gen Z - This is the first generation to grow up with the internet and digital technology from birth. According to a report by the Pew Research Center, "Gen Zers are the most racially and ethnically diverse generation, with a notable comfort and familiarity with technology and social media" (Pew Research Center, 2019). This exposure has shaped their communication styles, social interactions, and learning preferences, making them distinct from previous generations. It is also marked by a heightened awareness of social issues. A study by the Center for Generational Kinetics found that "Gen Z is highly concerned with social justice, climate change, and mental health" (Center for Generational Kinetics, 2020). These concerns influence their values, priorities, and the kind of support they seek from their parents.

The Role of Technology: One of the most significant aspects of parenting Gen Z is managing their relationship with technology. While technology offers immense benefits, such as access to information, educational resources, and social connectivity, it also presents challenges. Parents often struggle to find a balance between allowing their children the freedom to explore the digital world and setting boundaries to protect them from its potential dangers. Dr Jean Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University, emphasizes the importance of monitoring screen time. "Excessive screen time can lead to issues such as sleep deprivation, anxiety, and depression," (Twenge, 2017). To lessen these risks, parents should encourage healthy digital habits, such as setting screen time limits, promoting tech-free activities, and fostering open conversations about online safety.

Promoting Mental Health: Mental health is a critical concern for Gen Z. The American Psychological Association (APA) reports that "Gen Z is experiencing higher levels of stress and anxiety compared to previous generations" (APA, 2018). Factors contributing to this include academic pressures, social media influence, and concerns about global issues. Parents can play a vital role in supporting their children's mental health by creating a nurturing and open environment. Encouraging honest communication about feelings and challenges is essential. According to child psychologist Dr. Lisa Damour, "Parents should normalize the experience of stress and anxiety, helping their children understand that it is a natural part of life and provide them with coping strategies" (Damour, 2019).

Encouraging Independence and Resilience: Gen Z values independence and self-sufficiency. They are entrepreneurial and resourceful, often seeking ways to turn their passions into career opportunities. To foster these traits, parents should encourage their children's interests and support their endeavours, whether it's starting a small business, participating in community projects, or pursuing creative hobbies. Building resilience among Gen Z is equally important. Dr. Kenneth Ginsburg, a paediatrician specialized in adolescent medicine, emphasizes the significance of resilience in youth development. "Resilience enables young people to navigate challenges and bounce back from setbacks," he explains (Ginsburg, 2011). Parents can nurture resilience by allowing their children to face difficulties, encouraging problem-solving skills, and providing emotional support without overprotecting them. Refraining from giving even before it has been asked for is another way to build resilience.

Awareness on Social Issues: Gen Z is deeply engaged with social issues, and many young people are activists in their communities. Parents can support their children's social awareness by nurturing a home environment that values empathy, inclusivity, and critical thinking. This involves discussing current events, encouraging volunteer work, and exposing children to diverse perspectives. Moreover, parents should model the behaviour they wish to see in their children. As Dr Michele Borba, an educational psychologist, states, "Children learn values and behaviours by observing their parents" (Borba, 2016). Demonstrating compassion, integrity, and civic responsibility can inspire similar values in Gen Z.

Education and Career Guidance: The educational landscape is changing rapidly, and Gen Z faces new challenges and opportunities. With the rise of online learning and the gig economy, traditional career paths are evolving. Parents can help their children face these changes by staying informed about educational trends and exploring alternative learning opportunities. Encouraging lifelong learning is crucial. According to a report by the World Economic Forum, "The future of work will require continuous upskilling and adaptability" (World Economic Forum, 2020). Parents should promote a growth mindset, emphasizing the value of learning and adaptability over fixed career outcomes. Offering and propagating stereotype career choices like medicine and engineering by parents needs to be assessed seriously. Awareness should be given to parents on other prominent and lucrative career opportunities which Gen Z is more adaptable.

Building Strong Relationships: Despite their digital savvy, Gen Z values genuine, face-to-face interactions. Building strong relationships with their children is essential for parents. This involves spending quality time together, actively listening, and showing interest in their children's lives. Family therapist Dr John Duffy emphasizes the importance of presence. "Being emotionally and physically present for your children creates a strong foundation of trust and security," he says (Duffy, 2019). Engaging in shared activities, such as family meals, outdoor adventures, and collaborative projects, can strengthen familial bonds and create lasting memories.

Adapting Parenting Styles: Parenting Gen Z requires flexibility and adaptation. Traditional authoritarian approaches may not resonate with this generation, who value autonomy and input. Instead, adopting an authoritative parenting style—characterized by warmth, support, and clear boundaries—can be more effective.

Psychologist Dr Diana Baumrind's research on parenting styles suggests that "authoritative parenting, which combines high expectations with emotional support, leads to the best outcomes in children" (Baumrind, 1966). This approach encourages open dialogue, respects children's opinions, and provides guidance while allowing them to make their own decisions.

Parenting Gen Z presents unique challenges and opportunities. While making an extra effort to understand the characteristics and needs of this generation Z, parents can support their children's development more effectively. Ultimately, the goal is to raise well-rounded, resilient, and compassionate individuals who are equipped to succeed in an ever-changing world. As parents and caregivers, the journey involves continuous learning, empathy, and a commitment to fostering the best in our children. 

 

References:

American Psychological Association. (2018). Stress in America: Generation Z. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2018/stress-gen-z.pdf

Baumrind, D. (1966). Effects of Authoritative Parental Control on Child Behavior. Child Development, 37(4), 887-907.

Borba, M. (2016). UnSelfie: Why Empathetic Kids Succeed in Our All-About-Me World. Touchstone.

Center for Generational Kinetics. (2020). The State of Gen Z 2020: Meet the Throwback Generation. Retrieved from https://genhq.com/gen-z-2020-research-meet-the-throwback-generation/

Damour, L. (2019). Under Pressure: Confronting the Epidemic of Stress and Anxiety in Girls. Ballantine Books.

Duffy, J. (2019). Parenting the New Teen in the Age of Anxiety: A Complete Guide to Your Child's Stressed, Depressed, Expanded, Amazing Adolescence. Mango Publishing.

Ginsburg, K. (2011). Building Resilience in Children and Teens: Giving Kids Roots and Wings. American Academy of Pediatrics.

Pew Research Center. (2019). Generation Z Looks a Lot Like Millennials on Key Social and Political Issues. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2019/01/17/generation-z-looks-a-lot-like-millennials-on-key-social-and-political-issues/

Twenge, J. (2017). iGen: Why Today’s Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy—and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood. Atria Books.

World Economic Forum. (2020). The Future of Jobs Report 2020. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2020

 

 

 

 
By Dr Zeena Flavia D’Souza
Dr Zeena Flavia D’Souza, MCom., PhD, associate dean, school of commerce, finance, and accountancy, St Aloysius (Deemed to be University). She has teaching experience spanning 28 years for undergraduate and pre-university commerce students. Published research articles in national and international academic journals. She is proficient in counselling students and parents at crossroads while choosing their academic and life careers.
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Comment on this article

  • Charlotte Coelho, Thane, Maharashtra

    Thu, Jul 11 2024

    Thought-provoking article on parenting for today’s generation! Parenting styles wield a profound influence, shaping not only the immediate dynamics of family life but also laying the foundation for a child’s future. Looking forward to reading more articles from you, Dr Zeena.

  • Lugina Miranda, Mangalore

    Fri, Jul 05 2024

    Congratulations, Dr. Zeena, on your insightful article after thorough research. Your exploration of various crucial topics is both informative and valuable. Your article highlights the need for new parenting approaches to effectively guide today's Gen Z children, signaling a timely call to embrace evolving methods. Well done!

  • ALWYN, Mangalore

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Thanks, very well written Dr. Zeena, you have touched upon very important and challenging areas of our life. Having said that, it will be applicable to all of us in one way or the other. We may have come to this beautiful universe as a child and grown up as parents now, this journey of life, has thought us good and not that good lessons. Keep it up, hoping for many more touching articles to come.

  • Rudolf Rodrigues, Mumbai-Mangalore

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Even though it's an excellent article i loved readingit in detail, it's better said than done!! In the recent most prestigious NEET, UGC-NET large sums of money were reported to have been paid to buy papers and associated favors, this type of large sums of money would have been definitely given by the parents; such type of scenarios can be straightforward extrapolated to the entire education system being mired with rampant corruption until these crooked students getting their so called paper degrees from so called prestigious institutions etc; in such a scenario, what message does it send to the students involved and also those watching these jhumlas?? Also; the recommendations you have given with refernces cannot be extrapolated to a country like ours with a massive population and diverse socioeconomic structures demography on different parameters, with various permutations and combinations of these different contributing factors!! Also certain suggestions made in 2016 etc cannot be applicable in today's times where both the behavior patterns of children, and the technology has evolved to very great extent and still evolving by the day with introduction of AI, machine learning etc; today most children lock their phones so how will it be possible to monitor screen times et etc! Please take this contrarion view in the right spirit and tell me where I could have gone wrong in my views!

  • Prof. Dr. Zita Lobo, Mangalore/Dubai

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Well researched article on Gen Z by Dr. Zeena Mendonca. Baby boomers, Millenials and Gen Z are generations apart despite the gap is of a few decades. Your article rightly highlights balanced parenting. Blessed generally with a comfortable upbringing, native digitals Gen Z is highly concerned with global issues. They and the Millennials form the resourceful 29% youth in India.(Economic Times -28th June, 2024). Governmental support is also of pivotal importance to prevent brain drain by providing support and security.

  • Pinky, Abu Dhabi

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Aunty Zeena, Your article on Gen Z perfectly captures the duality of their world- the challenges they face and the opportunities they embrace. It's a comprehensive guide to understanding and supporting our youth as they navigate an ever- changing landscape. Kudos for shedding light on this remarkable generation and thanks for helping us guide our digital natives through the wild adventure of modern life. - Pinky

  • Gopinath, Bangalore

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Deer Dr zeena , very well articulated ...lot of insights for me as well ...am in the process of managing one GenZ kid my son ...it's a different challenge, appreciate your efforts in bringing out this wonderful article. Wishing you loads of success in your future endeavours..

  • Jenevieve, Toronto

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Well written article where you have explained many essential aspects of parenting . Looking forward for to read more your articles Dr. Zeena.

  • Jenevieve, Toronto

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Well written article where you have explained many essential aspects of parenting . Looking forward for to read more your articles Dr. Zeena.

  • Jessie D'souza, Mangalore/Toronto

    Fri, Jun 28 2024

    Very informative and insightful article. It's a wake-up call for young parents to shift from old-school style of parenting to the ever evolving modern style with warmth and focus, on the future of the child. Most important is the foundation of the child, which only parents could give this formative education to their children.

  • Sunil, Mudigere/Toronto

    Thu, Jun 27 2024

    illuminating info, well explained Dr. Zee

  • Preetha Aroza, Mangalore

    Thu, Jun 27 2024

    Well written, Dr Zeena. You’ve touched upon some critical aspects of parenting the challenging GenZ. We ought to adapt and mould ourselves to knowing them better to handle them better.


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