Daijiworld Media Network- Washington

Washington, Sep 5: Once thought to be confined to Latin America, “kissing bugs” carrying the Chagas disease parasite are now spreading across the southern United States, with confirmed presence in 32 states, including Texas, California, Arizona and New Mexico.

Health officials revealed that Texas alone has reported nearly 50 local human cases since 2013, while up to 31% of dogs tested positive in certain areas. Alarmingly, studies show that almost half of kissing bugs in some regions carry the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, responsible for Chagas disease.

The insects usually bite near the face while people are asleep, and transmission occurs when the parasite enters the body through scratching or rubbing the bite. Though well-sealed US homes reduce the overall risk, rural and semi-rural households with pets, woodpiles or open shelters remain more vulnerable.

How to identify kissing bugs?

These flat, oval insects measure between half an inch to 1.25 inches. They are dark brown or black with orange, yellow, or red stripes along the edges and have a distinct cone-shaped “beak.” Nymphs resemble smaller, wingless versions of adults. Experts caution against crushing them with bare hands—suspected insects should be trapped safely in a sealed container, frozen, and sent to local authorities for identification.

Precautionary checklist for homes:

• Seal cracks and gaps around doors, windows, and attics

• Clear brush, debris, and woodpiles near houses

• Limit use of bright lights at night

• Keep pet bedding clean and vacuum regularly

• Install protective window screens

Medical experts stress that awareness, early detection, and prevention are key to curbing the spread of the parasite, which has already been detected in parts of Southern California and could move further north.