Daijiworld Media Network – New Delhi

New Delhi, Apr 19: With a significant proportion of Indian adults estimated to suffer from fatty liver disease, doctors have issued a warning that Hepatitis A—often considered a mild infection—can lead to acute liver failure in individuals with pre-existing liver conditions.

The alert comes ahead of World Liver Day on April 19, as India witnesses a steady rise in metabolic liver diseases across age groups. Hepatitis A, typically transmitted through contaminated food and water or poor hygiene, usually causes symptoms such as fever, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, and jaundice. While it is generally self-limiting in healthy individuals, experts say it can pose serious risks for those with fatty liver or cirrhosis.

Medical professionals highlight that fatty liver disease, also known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has become a growing public health concern in India. Driven by factors such as obesity, diabetes, high blood sugar, and sedentary lifestyles, the condition is no longer confined to urban populations and is increasingly seen across regions.

Estimates suggest that a substantial portion of the population is affected, with higher prevalence among high-risk groups. Experts note that fatty liver often remains undiagnosed due to lack of symptoms, particularly among younger individuals.

Doctors explain that when a person with fatty liver contracts Hepatitis A, the already compromised liver may struggle to function, potentially leading to acute-on-chronic liver failure. In severe cases, especially where cirrhosis is present, recovery may be limited and liver transplantation may become necessary.

Healthcare professionals have urged individuals, particularly those with known or suspected liver conditions, to seek prompt medical attention if they experience symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, or loss of appetite.

The rising burden of liver disease is also reflected in increasing healthcare costs. Data indicates a sharp rise in liver-related insurance claims in recent years, along with growing incidence among younger populations and in smaller cities.

Experts stress that the issue is not only a medical concern but also an emerging economic challenge, calling for greater awareness, preventive care, and regular health monitoring to mitigate risks.