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Climate change protests resume in London

  •   Thu, Sep 03 2020 12:11:21 PM

London, Sep 3 (IANS): Climate change protests by environmental activists from the Extinction Rebellion group resumed for a second day in London.

The protesters on Wednesday returned to Parliament Square, while a demonstration was also planned outside Buckingham Palace, reports Xinhua news agency.

At least 10 people were carried away by police after the group refused to move from the roads around Parliament Square.

Protesters chanted and cheered as the officers took them away to nearby police vans.

The protests resumed a day after at least 160 people were arrested when thousands of campaigners have descended on Parliament Square, blocking roads and bringing traffic to a standstill, Scotland Yard said.

London police said offences included assaulting an officer, obstructing police and public order breaches.

Wednesday's demonstration came after Extinction Rebellion kicked-off four days of protests across the UK on August 29, urging the country's lawmakers to back a climate emergency bill.

In a document outlining the details of the protests, the group said that the actions will be seen "across the nations, regions and communities" and "then they'll be followed by mass actions in London".

A previous protest planned for April was cancelled because of the coronavirus pandemic, the group said, while encouraging protesters to maintain social distancing, wear gloves, masks, and carry hand sanitizers.

It has also planned an online event dubbed Digital Rebellion for those who would prefer to get involved from home.

Last year, more than 1,700 arrests were made during Extinction Rebellion's 10-day "Autumn Uprising", which saw major disruption across the UK.

They blocked roads and glued themselves to buildings in high profile spots, including some in London to further their demands.
  

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  • Dr. S. Jeevananda Reddy, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India

    Sat, Sep 05 2020

    see for more details my book released by publisher [Brillion Publishing, Karol Bagh, New Delhi, 242 pages with 8 chapters] titled "AGROMETEOROLOGY An Answer to Climate Crisis".

    sjreddy

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  • Dr. S. Jeevananda Reddy, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India

    Fri, Sep 04 2020

    To provide inputs to the coming IPCC’s “AR6 Report” on global warming, institutions around the world have been burning midnight oil by two different types of groups, namely (a) statistical approach using observed data [ground & satellites]; and (b) hypothetical model simulations. Ministry of Earth Sciences of India presented for India: observed trend is 0.7oC for 120 years & modelled trend = 2.7 (best case scenario) to 4.4oC (worst case scenario) by 2100. Thus, global warming respectively is 0.3oC per century or 0.45oC by 2100 – it is the same for global average -- and 1.35 to 2.2oC by 2100. According to the model predictions Paris Agreement limit has already crossed. Also, day-to-day, season to season, year to year variations in temperature presents very high variations when compared to such variations.
    In nature trend can’t be linear as the other main input Sun’s energy is constant which is modulated by natural variations associated with sunspot cycles. However, it is modified by local “soil-climate system” and also there are several other factors affecting the trend. The USA raw temperature data has no trend but the global adjusted data has a trend by lowering the starting period. The hottest daily maximum temperature data of Sydney in Australia has also no trend, but has a natural variability – adjusted data series showed 60-year cycle varying between -0.3 and +0.3oC, which will play an important role on year or moth reports. Such inaccurate data are being used in legal battles and as well by financial institutions; “climate crisis” is attributed to such global warming estimates. Unfortunately in USA Presidential Elections are being fought on such issues by planning to spend trillions of $ forgetting the major issue of pollution [air, water, soil & food]. However agrometeorological studies could help in overcoming climate crisis if any in agriculture & water resources use. .
    Temperature is a highly localized/regionalised. Several local conditions define the temperature regime, for example “Climate System” as defined by IPCC in its AR5, General Circulation patterns – for example Western Disturbances define heat & cold waves in India; circumpolar vortex formation at higher latitudes in USA, etc.
    Carbon Dioxide (CO2) presents a nearly linear increase with the population since 1960. Greenhouse effect if any associated with CO2, it must be far lower in SH compared to NH in proportion to CO2 levels in the respective hemispheres. Urban-heat-island effect must be far higher in NH over that of SH in proportion to urban areas in the respective hemispheres. Rural-cold-island effect follows area under agriculture, more particularly irrigated areas. In India and China have the same amount of areas under irrigation, though China is three times larger than India. Thus, the use of the word “global warming” a misnomer.
    In Bay of Bengal & Arabian Sea higher number of severe cyclonic storms occurred in both warm and cold seasons [May in pre-monsoon Season and November in Post-monsoon Season] with wide temperature difference. Same is the case with storms in USA [summer & winter]. Thus, temperature magnitude is not the driving force behind the formation of cyclonic storms in general but it is the temperature gradient similar to Sea-breeze, Land breeze, Lake Breeze, etc. They determine the wind speed & direction.
    The south-eastern part of India receives rainfall in both the SWM and the NEM monsoon seasons. They present 56-year cycle but in opposite direction. If in one rainfall present increasing trend and the other show decreasing trend. Similar pattern is also seen in Australian rainfall [summer & winter] but needs to be looked in to the cyclic variation issue. The cyclonic activity in Bay of Bengal follows the 56-year cycle of SWM – during above the average 28 year period, the numbers of cyclones were more than 10 per year and in below the average 28 year period they were < 10 per year; etc. It is part of natural phenomenon. This is science!

    References:

    Reddy, S.J., (1993): Agroclimatic/Agrometeorological Techniques: As applicable to Dry-land Agriculture in Developing Countries, www.scribd.com/Google Books, 205p; Book Review appeared in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 67 (1994):325-327.
    Reddy, S.J., (2008): Climate Change: Myths & Realities, www.scribd.com/Google Books, 176.
    Reddy, S.J., (2019): Agroclimatic/Agrometeorological Techniques: As applicable to Dry-land Agriculture in Developing Countries [2nd Edition]. Brillion Publishing, New Delhi, 372p.

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  • Dr. S. Jeevananda Reddy, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India

    Thu, Sep 03 2020

    All ills of the society have been talked as “climate crisis” that was linked to global warming. We see in media thousands of such reports daily. However, the word “climate change” is used either as an adjective or as a de-facto Global Warming.
    Climate is the average weather pattern at a place. In most places, weather can change from minute-to-minute, hour-to-hour, day-to-day, season-to-season and year to year. Earth’s climate is dynamic and it is always changing through natural cycles. With modern civilization population growing uninterrupted way that introduced another dimension in the changes in climate. World Meteorological Organization (WMO) of United Nations in Geneva/Switzerland brought out a manual in 1966 on “Climate Change” in which methods were proposed to separate these changes in climate. This was prepared by eminent meteorologists from meteorological departments around the world. However, climate refers to all meteorological parameters, more particularly related to rainfall, temperature and radiation from the Sun & the Earth. I, myself, studied these starting from early 1970s.
    The IPCC’s Third Assessment Report [also by UNFCCC] defined “climate change” as “statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings or to persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in the land use”. Therefore, climate change can occur naturally or from man-made causes.
    Natural variability consists of irregular variations that include intra-seasonal & intra-annual variations; and systematic or rhythmic variations expressed by fluctuations or cyclic variations of different durations. These were studied by several scientists including myself using WMO manual (Reddy, 1993 & 2019). Current wet period in Beira in Mozambique and current dry period in Durban in South Africa were predicted. Agriculture and water resources availability follow these [droughts & floods].
    The man induced variations have two parts, namely changes through greenhouse effect and non-greenhouse effect. According to IPCC’s AR5, 1951 is the starting year for global warming. Also, more than half of long term trend in global average annual temperature is greenhouse effect and less than half is non-greenhouse effect. It is a qualitative statement.
    The non-greenhouse effect relates to changes in land use and land cover. They cover urban heat island effect [in fact in 1818 a book was published based on London Temperature changes] and rural cold island effect (coined by me) that cover irrigated agriculture and artificial water spread areas [dams, lakes, etc.]. In the case of former, met stations present dense coverage and later space coverage. That means warm conditions over-emphasized and cold conditions under-emphasized in averaging of temperature. This was reflected in satellite data that presented lower than the adjusted surface data series with little trend (Reddy, 2008). However, satellite data was withdrawn from the internet and released new data series that match with adjusted surface temperature data series.
    The greenhouse effect includes global warming and impact of aerosols from volcanic eruptions. If we assume that 50% of the total trend as global warming, then let us see an example:
    The global [land & Ocean] temperature data of 1880 to 2010, following WMO 1966 methodology separated. From the trend line it is clear that by 2100, the global [land & ocean] temperature may raise to 1.30oC from 1880. That is in 220 years the rise is 1.30oC; this is around 0.6oC per century. Thus, global warming component is 50% of 0.6oC is 0.3oC per century or 0.45oC for 1951 to 2100 (for 150 years). That means global warming may be 0.45oC by 2100 under the linear trend.

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