Daijiworld Media Network – New Delhi

New Delhi, Aug 25: Imagine throwing a surprise party for your baby, only to have the VIP guest arrive early. Premature babies, born before 37 weeks of gestation, often look like pocket-sized bundles of joy, but they also bring unexpected challenges. In India, nearly 12% of births are preterm, leaving many parents anxious and overwhelmed. Doctors stress that awareness and timely care can help families shift from asking “why me?” to confidently saying “we’ve got this.”

Premature infants are at risk of several health complications, beginning with breathing problems such as Respiratory Distress Syndrome, caused by immature lungs lacking surfactant. Experts recommend antenatal corticosteroids for mothers at risk of preterm delivery, while treatments after birth may include assisted breathing or surfactant therapy. Fragile brain blood vessels also put preemies at risk of intraventricular haemorrhage, while weak intestines may trigger necrotizing enterocolitis, a life-threatening condition significantly reduced through breastfeeding.

Doctors further highlight conditions such as patent ductus arteriosus, a heart issue common in preterm babies, and apnea, where breathing pauses occur due to immature respiratory control. Jaundice is also frequent due to the liver’s inability to process bilirubin, often treated with phototherapy. Vulnerability to infections and sepsis is another concern, with skin-to-skin kangaroo care and strict hygiene proving effective safeguards.

Other health challenges include anaemia from low red blood cell production, chronic lung injury due to extended oxygen support, and developmental delays caused by early disruption of brain growth. Early interventions such as physiotherapy, occupational and speech therapy, along with regular monitoring, help children overcome hurdles and achieve milestones at their own pace.

Doctors advise parents to rely on breast milk, ensure skin-to-skin bonding, use medications wisely, and support therapies that boost growth and immunity. With the right medical support and parental care, most premature babies go on to thrive, reminding families that these tiny warriors may arrive ahead of time but have all the strength to win their battles.